头颈肿瘤游离皮瓣修复术后皮瓣坏死及皮瓣相关并发症影响因素分析

目的 分析皮瓣坏死及术后出现皮瓣相关并发症的影响因素。方法 回顾性分析因头颈肿瘤行游离皮瓣修复患者的年龄、性别、手术时长、吸烟、酗酒、高血压、糖尿病、术前放疗、血管吻合方式等对皮瓣坏死及皮瓣相关术后并发症的影响作用。结果 年龄、性别、手术时长、吸烟、酗酒、术前放疗、血管吻合方式不是头颈肿瘤患者游离皮瓣修复后皮瓣坏死及发生皮瓣相关术后并发症的危险因素;糖尿病是头颈肿瘤患者游离皮瓣修复后皮瓣坏死的危险因素(P=0.006),高血压(P=0.040)、糖尿病(P=0.024)是出现皮瓣相关术后并发症的独立危险因素。结论 在有游离皮瓣修复指征的头颈肿瘤但伴随有糖尿病、高血压疾病的患者中,经过全身情况评估后个体化选择修复方式。     

Improvement of digestive symptoms in fibromyalgia patients following a diet modification according to histamine release test – an observational study

IntroductionThere is growing interest in the relationship between fibromyalgia and processes related to food, such as food intolerances. In fact, different associations have been described between the control of dietary habits and the improvement of the different symptoms of fibromyalgia.Material and methodsWe collected the results of applying a specific test of histamine release related to the diet of patients with fibromyalgia, and evaluated the changes in terms of the symptoms usually described by the patients. A total of 84 patients who met the established criteria were recruited; 40 of them underwent the exclusion diet for a period of 6 months, while the remaining ones continued with their usual dietary habits. All patients were instructed not to modify any other parameter during the study, such as medication, exercise, or other complementary treatments. The parameters studied were as follows: the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS), the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), as well as the patients’ body weight was controlled.ResultsThere was a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in the group of patients who underwent the exclusion diet in assesment by GSRS and in total in total body weight. There were no differences compared to the rest of the patients in terms of VAS and FIQ.ConclusionsDiet modification in patients with fibromyalgia by specific histamine relase test improves certain clinical parameters related to the symptoms of the digestive sphere, compared to the control group. Our work opens a possible way of non-pharmacological treatment to improve some symptoms of this very prevalent disease.     

Clinical application of gastrointestinal decompression in anastomotic fistula after McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer

AbstractCervical anastomotic fistula is one of the most common complications after McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, leading to septic shock and even death. It is therefore very important to provide effective symptom management after diagnosis of anastomotic fistula. Placing the gastrointestinal decompression tube beside the anastomotic site and connecting the tube to a gastrointestinal decompression disk could support the prevention and treatment of anastomotic fistula after surgical treatment of esophageal cancer.Thirty-eight patients with anastomotic fistula after undergoing McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in our hospital from April 2017 to January 2021 were divided equally into control and observation groups according to the gastrointestinal decompression method used. Gastrointestinal decompression tubes were placed 45 to 50 cm from the incisors in the control group or 25 to 30 cm from the incisors in the observation group. The treatment efficacy was compared between the 2 groups.The drainage time, length of hospital stay after anastomotic fistula detection, and fistula healing time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P < .05 for all).Placing the gastrointestinal decompression tube connected to a gastrointestinal decompression disk next to the anastomotic site is a simple procedure and may significantly improve the drainage time, length of hospital stay, and fistula healing time of patients who develop anastomotic fistula resulting from McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.     

测定胃癌患者肿瘤组织与外周血中前列腺素E2的临床意义

目的 测定胃癌患者肿瘤组织及外周血中前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)含量.方法 用PGE2酶联免疫试剂盒分别测定40例胃癌患者肿瘤组织、癌旁切缘组织及术前外周血中PGE2含量.结果 胃癌组织的PGE2含量明显高于癌旁切缘组织,分别为(8.225±2.425)、(1.669±0.287)ng/g,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),低分化和高中分化胃癌组织PGE2含量分别为(9.02±2.28)、(5.38±0.35)ng/g,两者有显著性差异(P<0.05).外周血中PGE2含量与胃癌组织PGE2含量呈正相关(r=0.889,P<0.01).肿瘤直径≥5 cm和<5 cm的胃癌患者外周血中PGE2含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).低分化和高中分化胃癌患者外周血中PGE2含量差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05).胃癌组织及外周血中PGE2含量与患者年龄、性别无关,与肿瘤部位、浸润深度、临床病理分期及是否淋巴结转移也无关.结论 胃癌患者肿瘤组织中PGE2含量增高,其外周血PGE2含量也随之增高,表明外周血PGE:水平与胃癌组织释放的PGE2含量成正比.测定外周血中PGE2可以间接评估胃癌患者的肿瘤大小与分化程度.     

VEGF与TNFR联合治疗股骨头坏死实验研究

目的 探讨应用血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)与肿瘤坏死因子受体(TNFR)联合治疗股骨头坏死的治疗效果.方法 新西兰兔30只,26只兔耳缘静脉注射马血清,臀肌注射醋酸泼尼松龙,制造激素性股骨头坏死动物模型.动物随机分为4组:A组:VEGF/TNFR 治疗组;B组:VEGF治疗组;C组:对照组;D组:正常对照组.治疗组骨穿刺针行经皮注射血管内皮细胞生长因子脂质体及TNFR至股骨头.于治疗后,应用ELISA法测血清中TNF-α浓度的变化,病理组织学观察股骨头骨组织、骨髓造血组织及血管的变化.结果 VEGF/TNFR治疗组,TNF-α浓度及活性明显降低,HE染色结果 :VEGF/TNFR治疗组可见软骨细胞修复性增生,骨髓腔造血组织出现增生,栓塞的血管旁边出现新生的血管.结论 VEGF/TNFR联合治疗股骨头坏死能促进新血管生成及骨修复.     

卵巢硬化性间质瘤的研究进展

卵巢硬化性间质瘤是一种临床罕见的卵巢良性肿瘤,其发病率低,病因不明确,以年轻女性多见,多为单侧肿块,常因月经不规则出血或体检发现腹部包块而就诊。影像学检查可见“湖岛征”、“快进慢出”和“向心性强化”等改变。病理组织学见单侧类圆形囊实性肿块,“假小叶”为特征性病变。免疫组织化学可见抑制素、波形蛋白和肌动蛋白等阳性表达。确诊主要通过病理组织学诊断,影像学检查具有重要参考价值。术前诊断困难,容易与卵巢纤维瘤、卵泡膜细胞瘤、卵巢库肯勃瘤和颗粒细胞瘤等相混淆。手术治疗为主要治疗手段,多采用患侧肿瘤切除术或附件切除术,术后预后较好,卵巢功能可恢复正常。对于肿瘤细胞出现核分裂象和坏死较多时,需警惕复发风险,建议长期跟踪随访。     

皮肤Merkel细胞癌1例并文献复习

目的 探讨皮肤Merkel细胞癌(MCC)的影像特征,以提高对该肿瘤的认识。方法 回顾性分析1例经病理证实的皮肤MCC的MRI表现及病理资料,并复习相关文献。结果 MRI平扫显示右大腿中下段内侧皮下分叶状肿块,T1WI呈低信号,T1WI脂肪抑制(FS)序列呈高信号,质子密度加权成像(PDWI)FS序列呈高信号,信号不均匀,内部见分支样低信号影。MRI可见病灶邻近皮肤增厚,皮下脂肪见网格样影。MRI增强检查显示病变呈明显不均匀强化。结论 皮肤MCC的影像表现具有特征性,MRI上病灶内分支样低信号影可能对早期诊断具有特异性。     

妊高征患者治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8检测的临床意义

目的：探讨了妊高征患者治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平的变化及意义。方法：采用放射免疫分析对36例妊高征患者进行了血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平检测并与35名正常孕妇作比较。结果：在治疗前血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平非常显著地高于正常孕妇组（P〈0．01）,经治疗后2周,血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平与正常孕妇组比较,无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8在妊高征的发病机理中具有重要的作用,有一定的临床价值。